Heavenly Officials in Vietnamese Folk Belief: Bestowers of Blessings from the Celestial Realm

In Vietnamese folk belief, alongside the underworld with its judges who assess moral conduct after...

The Judge Figures in Vietnamese Folk Belief: Guardians of Justice in the Afterlife

In Vietnamese folk belief, the afterlife has never been seen as an abstract or empty...

Earth Official Money in Folk Belief: Origins, Meaning, and Its Role in Spiritual Rituals

In the spiritual life of Vietnamese people, the use of votive paper and symbolic paper...

Buddhist Official Money in Folk Belief: Origins, Meaning, and Its Role in Spiritual Rituals

In the spiritual life of Vietnamese people and many East Asian communities, the burning of...

Heavenly Official Money in Folk Belief: Origins, Meaning, and Its Role in Spiritual Rituals

In the spiritual life of many East Asian communities, the burning of votive paper and...

Judgment Money in Folk Belief: Origins, Meaning, and the Ritual of Offering to the Underworld Judges

In the spiritual life of Vietnamese people, rituals of worship have always been closely connected...

Religious Faith: Good, Evil, and the Journey from Enlightenment to Fanaticism

Religious faith is one of humanity’s most enduring phenomena. It predates many civilizations, has witnessed...

What to Note about “Apocalypse,” “Degenerate Dharma,” and Prophetic Culture

Before delving into specific traditions, it is necessary to distinguish between two often-confused concepts: “apocalypse”...

Hundred-Joint Bamboo

Once upon a time, near Co Loa citadel in a village, there was a rich...

Son Tinh Thuy Tinh

Introduction. Son Tinh Thuy Tinh is a story about the wish to control water from...

Judaism and the Basic Commandments

Overview of Judaism Judaism (Hebrew: יהודה, Yehudah, “Judah” in Latin and Greek) is an ancient...